During the experiment, the planes in which the two C-arms are located are perpendicular to each other, and the line formed by extending the two planes is close to the lumbar vertebrae L3-S1 of the subjects. The subjects sit on an adjustable-height chair, adjusted according to their ...
The numbers of vertebrae, lumbar and sacral spinal segments, and nerves that correspond to spinal segments for some species are shown in Table 19.1. The spinal cord in birds extends throughout the entire vertebral canal including the coccygeal region; however, the diameter decreases caudally (...
Signal-intensity histogram calculation: (a) vertebral body area, (b) presacral fat area, (c) cerebrospinal fluid area, and (d) intervertebral disc area.eThe outline of the segmented area is displayed on the original image.fSchematic diagram of ΔSIcalculation.gSignal-intensity histogram correspon...
Three-dimensional MRI annotation is a complex and laborious task, especially for the vertebral arch of the lumbar vertebrae. Therefore, we worked with an iterative data annotation approach in which our automatic baseline segmentation method (baseline 1: iterative instance segmentation) was trained with...
vertebrae under fluoroscopic and endoscopic guidance. Allogeneic or autologous bone is compressed around the cage. The decompression of the spinal canal was checked to clean up the occult compression and the radiofrequency probe was used for hemostasis after confirming complete decompression. After this,...
1) of the normal L1-S lumbar vertebrae. The intervertebral disc uses hexahedral mesh, which is composed of annulus ground substance, nucleus pulposus, annulus fibers and cartilaginous endplate. The thickness of the upper and lower endplate is 0.5 mm [27], and the nucleus pulposus accounts for...
PPIVMs were assessed with the patient side-lying, and consisted of moving the patients' spine through sagittal forward-bending (flexion) and backward-bending (extension), while palpating between the spinous process of adjacent vertebrae to assess the motion taking place at each motion segment [1...
The von Mises stress of the lumbosacral vertebrae in different FE models. Full size image Figure 8 The stress distribution of screw-rod systems in three postoperative FE models under different conditions. According to the indicator diagram, red indicates the stress concentration area, while blue show...
Currently, there are two main types of repair operations for spondylolysis: one is direct repair using segmental internal fixation and bone grafting in the isthmus; the other is fusion of the affected vertebra with adjacent vertebrae using intersegmental internal fixation. For patients with simple ...
Early changes in morphology, bone mineral density and matrix composition of vertebrae lead to disc degeneration in aged collagen IX −/− mice. Matrix Biol. 2016;49:132–43. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Seki S, Tsumaki N, Motomura H, Nogami M, Kawaguchi Y, Hori T, Suzuki K,...